According to PHS regulations, when should researchers submit COI disclosures?

Researchers are required to submit Conflict of Interest (COI) disclosures no later than the time of proposal submission in order to ensure transparency and integrity in the research process. This requirement is crucial because it allows for an early evaluation of any potential conflicts that could affect the research outcomes or compromise participant safety. By addressing any conflicts at this initial stage, institutions can implement appropriate management strategies to mitigate any risks associated with those conflicts before the research begins.

This proactive approach reinforces ethical standards in research, fosters trust between researchers and their institutions, and helps maintain public confidence in the integrity of scientific inquiries. Such timing for disclosures is particularly essential in studies funded by the Public Health Service (PHS), where oversight and funding depend heavily on adherence to ethical guidelines, including the disclosure of conflicts that might influence research decisions or data interpretation.