What does "beneficence" refer to in the context of research ethics?

In the context of research ethics, "beneficence" refers to the duty to minimize possible harm and maximize potential benefits to participants involved in research. This principle emphasizes the responsibility of researchers to act in the best interest of their subjects, ensuring that any risks associated with the research are outweighed by the anticipated benefits. Beneficence is rooted in the commitment to promoting good and safeguarding wellbeing, which is essential for ethical research practices.

The other options, while relevant to various aspects of research, do not accurately capture the essence of beneficence. The obligation to publish findings pertains more to accountability and transparency in research, while seeking funding is a logistical concern that relates to the feasibility of conducting research. Public visibility of the research may enhance ethical practices but does not directly relate to the principle of beneficence. Thus, focusing on minimizing harm and enhancing benefits distinctly defines beneficence in medical and social research contexts.