What is the purpose of random sampling in research?

The purpose of random sampling in research is to ensure that every individual in a population has an equal chance of being selected, which enhances the generalizability of the study's findings. By achieving this randomness, researchers can minimize selection bias, allowing the sample to better represent the larger population. This, in turn, increases the validity of the results and allows for more reliable conclusions to be drawn about that population. The approach helps to ensure that any observed effects in the study are more likely to be attributable to the variables being tested rather than to pre-existing differences among participants.

In research, using random sampling is crucial when the goal is to infer insights about a larger population based on the sample data. This method stands in contrast to selecting participants based solely on convenience or accessibility, which could skew the results and limit the applicability of the findings to the broader population.